{1}In the book published in January, 1919, "The Grand Fleet, 1914-16," by Admiral Viscount Jellicoe of Scapa, the tasks of the British Fleet were set out as follows: (1) To ensure for British ships the unimpeded use of the seas, this being vital to the existence of an island nation, particularly one which is not self-supporting in regard to food. (2) In the event of war to bring steady economic pressure to bear on our adversary by denying to him the use of the sea, thus compelling him to accept peace. (3) Similarly, in the event of war, to cover the passage and assist any army sent overseas and to protect its communications and supplies. (4) To prevent invasion of this country and its oversees dominions by enemy forces.

{2}Naval charts are drawn squared, to simplify the location of places according to length and breadth, in degrees and minutes. This facilitates delivery of reports or commands and the identification of places on the chart. The size of the squares, a side of which represents five or ten sea miles, is governed by the scale of the chart.

{3}The English commander, Admiral Beatty, boasted in his report that his ships had achieved a speed of 28.5 knots.

{4}According to an English account, the Lion, Tiger, Princess Royal, New Zealand and Indomitable.

{5}Admiral Beatty says in his report: "I followed the squadron with the utmost speed on the destroyer Attack, and met them at noon as they withdrew to the north-north-west. I went on board the Princess Royal and hoisted my flag at 12.20 P.M., when Captain Brock informed me of what had happened after theLion fell out, how the Blücher was sunk, and the enemy battle-cruisers very much damaged had continued their eastward course." His report does not mention any reason for their not having pursued the damaged German cruisers.

{6}These are mines which through some error in reckoning the depth of the water, instead of reaching the desired depth below the surface, have coated up again sufficiently to be seen, and are therefore the more easily avoided.

{7}According to English accounts, it comprised the Barham, Warspite, Valiant and Malaya. Mention is made of four ships only. According to various observations on our side (by Squadron III and the leader of Scouting Division II) there were five ships. If Queen Elizabeth, or a similar type of ship, was not in the unit it is possible that another recently built man-of-war replaced her

{8}In comparing the time given in the German and English accounts it must be remembered that there is a difference of two hours, for the reason that we reckon according to summer-time in Central Europe, while the difference between ordinary Central Europe and Greenwich time is one hour. Therefore 4.28 German time corresponds to 2.28 English time.

{9}Admiral Jellicoe admits that torpedoes reached his line, but claims to have escaped further damage by the clever handling of his ships. Our assumption that he had already turned back before the attack by the torpedo-boats is thus confirmed